Adhesion test for glow-in-the-dark letter base coat

Adhesion test for primer of illuminated letters

Outdoor metal illuminated letters must withstand sun and rain. The durability of the finish often depends less on the topcoat and more on how well the primer adheres. At our Hechuan workshop, we're fabricating precision and illuminated letter projects. Below are 2 real-site photos (see album below), showing the surface treatment of the metal letter shells and sanding before painting.

金属发光字在户外要扛住日晒雨淋,漆面能不能守住,关键往往不在面漆,而在底漆附不附得住。我们在合川加工间做精工字和发光字项目,现场实拍2张(图集见下方相册),可以看到金属字壳的表面处理状态与喷涂前的打磨痕迹。底漆与基材之间如果结合不牢,用不了一年就起皮、剥落,露出氧化底色,再好的面漆也救不回来。所以正龙广告的工序里,底漆附着力测试是涂装前绕不开的一道检查;每批板材上喷涂线之前,先切一小块边角料做试板,测过了才允许批量开工。这一步看着多花二十分钟,实际拦下过好几批次不合格的底漆,比售后返工便宜太多。

测试方法我们常用两种,都不复杂但很管用。第一种划格法:用划格刀在试板上划出一毫米见方的网格,深到底材,贴上胶带压实后快速撕开,看网格漆膜有没有被带下来。第二种敲击法:用硬物背面轻敲涂层,听声音是否发空,观察边缘有没有崩皮。划格后掉漆面积超过一成,这批底漆就得推倒重来;两种方法配合使用,基本能筛掉不合格的批次。划格刀钝了也不行,切口毛糙会误判,刀具损耗按周检查。

影响附着力的变量比想象中多。板材除油是否彻底是第一关,轧制油、手汗都会让底漆"浮"在上面;打磨粗糙度要适中,太光滑挂不住漆,太粗又藏灰;环境湿度大时喷涂,漆膜内部含水,干得再快也是虚的。冬季低温时我们还会把试板放进常温养护区放足时间再测,避免温度干扰判断。同一批漆在不同季节表现不一样,这也是为什么测试要跟着生产节奏常态化做,而不是进货时测一次就完事。

除了新料进场要测,旧字翻新时这道测试更不能省。很多老招牌的铁皮表面已经有一层粉化旧漆,直接覆盖新底漆等于糊在沙子上,三个月照样起皮。我们的做法是先整面打磨到见亮,重新走一遍划格确认,再进入喷涂流程。实践中我们发现,附着力合格的底漆,后面刮腻子、喷面漆的返工率能降一大截,成本其实省在了看不见的地方。字壳送到客户门头之后,风吹雨晒全凭这层底子撑着,测试环节偷一步懒,售后就要跑十趟门。重庆同行碰到字壳起泡的,不妨先回到这道测试上查起,欢迎带样品来交流。



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